Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st, ob qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob hauv zej zog yog kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov huab cua. Raws li qhov no, ntau qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab tshiab- xws li hnub ci, cua, thiab hydrogen- tau tsim los daws cov teeb meem no. Tsis tas li ntawd, txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob thiab txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug. Tawm tsam qhov teeb meem no, theem- hloov fibers (PCFs), vim lawv muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias kom hloov mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm ib puag ncig, tau tshwm sim los ua kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuab textile, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho kev nplij siab- taw qhia fibers. PCFs tsis tsuas yog pab txo kev cia siab rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj tab sis kuj sawv cev rau txoj hauv kev tshiab los txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob.
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm PCFs tau pib hauv xyoo 1980s, pib tsav los ntawm National Aeronautics thiab Space Administration (NASA) rau cov ntawv thov hauv cov neeg caij nkoj thiab cov txheej tiv thaiv rau cov cuab yeej precision. PCFs tswj qhov kub thiab txias los ntawm kev nqus lossis tso cua sov hauv cov lus teb rau cov kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig sab nraud, yog li muab kev nplij siab thermal zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv txo qhov kev cia siab ntawm cov pa cua txias thiab cua sov tshuab, ua kom muaj zog ua haujlwm zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim lawv cov thermoregulatory kev ua haujlwm, PCFs nthuav tawm daim ntawv thov muaj peev xwm hla ntau thaj chaw, suav nrog cov khoom siv kho mob, kev tiv thaiv, khoom siv tub rog, thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Tus yuam sij rau PCFs qhov kub thiab txias - tswj kev muaj peev xwm yog nyob rau hauv kev koom ua ke ntawm theem- hloov cov ntaub ntawv (PCMs). Cov ntaub ntawv no raug hloov mus rau theem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, absorbing los yog tso tawm ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov cua sov kom ua tiav thermal modulation.
Hauv kev siv cov tswv yim, kev txhim kho ntawm PCMs nquag ua haujlwm nrog eco-cov ntsiab lus zoo thiab ruaj khov, tsom mus rau bio-raws li cov khoom siv PCMs tau txais los ntawm cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv mus. Cov ntaub ntawv no tsis yog tsuas yog ib puag ncig zoo xwb tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem pom qhov zoo tshiab hauv kev kho mob thiab kev kho mob vim lawv qhov tshwj xeeb biocompatibility. Cov kev nce qib no tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis hauv PCM fabrication, txhawb nqa kev lag luam textile kom zoo thiab kev tsim kho tshiab, thiab xa cov textiles kom xis nyob, noj qab haus huv- nco qab, thiab eco- phooj ywg.
Los ntawm kev siv cov theem- hloov cov khoom ntawm PCMs, PCFs ua tiav kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias, txo qis kev cia siab rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj, thiab txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob zoo. Txawm hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshawb fawb PCF, cov kev cov nyom tseem nyob, suav nrog kev nkag mus rau cov dej xau, cov kev txwv hauv microencapsulated PCM loading peev, thiab cov peev txheej- cuam tshuam txog kev txwv. Cov kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej yuav tsum ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov kho theem- hloov microcapsules, kev txhim kho bio-raws li khoom-PCMs, thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm PCFs kom paub ntau dua, muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab ntse thermoregulation. Cov kev siv zog no yuav nthuav dav daim ntawv thov ntawm PCFs, tsav kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo hauv cov khoom lag luam thiab txhawb kev tsim kho tshiab thoob plaws kev lag luam.
